In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant strides, enabling machines to understand and respond to human language like never before. One of the most remarkable achievements in this field is ChatGPT, an advanced language model developed by OpenAI. With its ability to engage in natural and coherent conversations, ChatGPT has ushered in a new era of human-machine interaction. In this blog post, we will explore the fascinating capabilities of ChatGPT and discuss its diverse range of applications across various industries. he Birth of ChatGPT : ChatGPT, built upon the foundation of the groundbreaking GPT-3.5 architecture, represents the culmination of years of research and development in natural language processing. Trained on vast amounts of text data, ChatGPT has achieved an impressive level of proficiency in understanding and generating human-like text. Its underlying neural netwo...
Aadhaar Judgement
The most awaited Aadhaar Judgement by the Supreme Court cleared all the confusions that have been there for years since Parliament passed the Aadhaar Act, 2016. The judgement itself upheld the act, although nullifying some key features and ruling that Aadhaar doesn't violate Right to Privacy as it ruled in a previous judgement as a fundamental right.
Aadhaar Legacy
Originally it was Kargil Review Committee that recommended National ID for multipurpose use later UPA government renamed it as 'Aadhaar'. It was initially formed by executive order, but later the NDA government passed Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016. The passage of the bill and the ways that were followed by the government cast a shadow over the legitimacy of the act. The government later made it mandatory for almost all government services including PDS, PAN, SIM Card purchase, Banking etc., that irked a large part of the society and made a large section to suffer.
SC Judgement
Supreme Court, however, took a rational view on it as its five-member bench led by former Chief Justice Dipak Misra ruled in favour of the validity of the act on 4:1 majority. There were many speculations over Aadhaar's legitimacy ever since Right to Privacy was declared a fundamental right, and Aadhaar was considered as a bane to privacy as critics argue it would make the country a surveillance state. However, all those worries were cast aside by the recent SC's judgement terming it "a document of empowerment”.
Ruling in favour
Most of the act was upheld by the judgement. SC viewed that since aadhaar is effective on the ground and helped government wipe out ghost beneficiaries in different schemes. Failure of aadhaar scheme was just 0.23 per cent which made SC set its mind that it was in favour to root out the tiny error than axing the whole scheme. SC in its judgement made it clear that anyone wants to avail the government schemes and funds from the Consolidated Fund of India have to possess a unique aadhaar number or aahaar enrollment id under section 7 of the act. Which made those availing LPG subsidies, different forms of government scholarships, grants to have Aahaar. SC further made it mandatory to link Aadhaar with PAN card, the latter is, however, necessary for opening a bank account.
Ruling Against
Among the many great achievements of aadhaar, there were some loopholes which SC didn't miss to point out. Since Right to Privacy was a key point of this whole debate, section 33(1) which allowed the disclosure of information in case "an order passed by any district court or higher" were struck down. Similarly, section 33(2) which empowered an officer at the level of Joint Secretary or higher to allow disclosure of information on grounds of national security as invalid. Further SC struck down section 47 of the act which gave UIDAI, the implementing body of Aadhaar, immunity against possible litigation from individuals whose rights were violated. SC found that 57 which allowed corporations or individuals to have access to Aadhaar based biometric authentication as unconstitutional. Supreme Court further found that section 26(c) which permitted the UIDAI to collect aadhaar metadata for analysis purpose as a serious breach to privacy and section 27 of the act which allowed UIDAI to archive data for five years to be reduced to six months.
Human Rights
The judgement made it clear that individuals who don't have aadhaar shouldn't the rejected from basic services on the grounds of it and senior citizens should be accommodated within the current architecture. For children, SC observed that it is necessary from now on to have legal guardian's permission to issue them the 12 digit card and on reaching legal adult age, can voluntarily omit themselves from enrollment. Justice D Y Chandrachud gave the dissenting minority judgment in which he highlighted the issue of the surveillance state and the bypass of bicameralism system where money bill root was followed to pass the bill in the parliament.
Conclusion
Anything at its primary stage needs finishing until it suits the need and Aadhaar is like that, the fact is Aadhaar is too big to fail and it just needs to pass a few more tests to prove its a way forward for good governance and Digital India.
Aadhaar Legacy
Originally it was Kargil Review Committee that recommended National ID for multipurpose use later UPA government renamed it as 'Aadhaar'. It was initially formed by executive order, but later the NDA government passed Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016. The passage of the bill and the ways that were followed by the government cast a shadow over the legitimacy of the act. The government later made it mandatory for almost all government services including PDS, PAN, SIM Card purchase, Banking etc., that irked a large part of the society and made a large section to suffer.
SC Judgement
Supreme Court, however, took a rational view on it as its five-member bench led by former Chief Justice Dipak Misra ruled in favour of the validity of the act on 4:1 majority. There were many speculations over Aadhaar's legitimacy ever since Right to Privacy was declared a fundamental right, and Aadhaar was considered as a bane to privacy as critics argue it would make the country a surveillance state. However, all those worries were cast aside by the recent SC's judgement terming it "a document of empowerment”.
Ruling in favour
Most of the act was upheld by the judgement. SC viewed that since aadhaar is effective on the ground and helped government wipe out ghost beneficiaries in different schemes. Failure of aadhaar scheme was just 0.23 per cent which made SC set its mind that it was in favour to root out the tiny error than axing the whole scheme. SC in its judgement made it clear that anyone wants to avail the government schemes and funds from the Consolidated Fund of India have to possess a unique aadhaar number or aahaar enrollment id under section 7 of the act. Which made those availing LPG subsidies, different forms of government scholarships, grants to have Aahaar. SC further made it mandatory to link Aadhaar with PAN card, the latter is, however, necessary for opening a bank account.
Ruling Against
Among the many great achievements of aadhaar, there were some loopholes which SC didn't miss to point out. Since Right to Privacy was a key point of this whole debate, section 33(1) which allowed the disclosure of information in case "an order passed by any district court or higher" were struck down. Similarly, section 33(2) which empowered an officer at the level of Joint Secretary or higher to allow disclosure of information on grounds of national security as invalid. Further SC struck down section 47 of the act which gave UIDAI, the implementing body of Aadhaar, immunity against possible litigation from individuals whose rights were violated. SC found that 57 which allowed corporations or individuals to have access to Aadhaar based biometric authentication as unconstitutional. Supreme Court further found that section 26(c) which permitted the UIDAI to collect aadhaar metadata for analysis purpose as a serious breach to privacy and section 27 of the act which allowed UIDAI to archive data for five years to be reduced to six months.
Human Rights
The judgement made it clear that individuals who don't have aadhaar shouldn't the rejected from basic services on the grounds of it and senior citizens should be accommodated within the current architecture. For children, SC observed that it is necessary from now on to have legal guardian's permission to issue them the 12 digit card and on reaching legal adult age, can voluntarily omit themselves from enrollment. Justice D Y Chandrachud gave the dissenting minority judgment in which he highlighted the issue of the surveillance state and the bypass of bicameralism system where money bill root was followed to pass the bill in the parliament.
Conclusion
Anything at its primary stage needs finishing until it suits the need and Aadhaar is like that, the fact is Aadhaar is too big to fail and it just needs to pass a few more tests to prove its a way forward for good governance and Digital India.