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WBCS Anthropology Previous Years Question Paper && Syllabus Scroll to the End of Page ANTHROPOLOGY Paper – I :: 1.Introducing anthropology: Meaning and scope of anthropology. Major branches of anthropology: 1.1Main branches of Anthropology, their scope and relevance : (a) Social-cultural Anthropology, (b) Biological Anthropology, (c) Archaeological Anthropology, (d) Linguistic Anthropology. 1.2Brief outline of the growth of anthropology. Enlightenment. Colonialism and anthropology. 2. Human evolution and Hominization process : 2.1 Theories of organic evolution. Human evolution and emergence of Man : (a) Biological and Cultural factors in human evolution, (b) Theories of Organic Evolution (Pre-Darwinian, Darwinian and Post-Darwinian), (c) Synthetic theory of evolution; Brief outline of terms and concepts of evolutionary biology. 2.2 Neutral theory of molecular evolution. 2.3 Concept of evolutionary biology: Skeletal changes, (...

Section 497 The Supreme Court recently unanimously nullified Section 497 of Indian Penal Code which made adultery punishable offence for men. The law itself a British era patriarchy which labelled women as property of her husband. The law was challenged by a Keralite NRI Joseph Shine and the court felt the law as an impediment to women empowerment and progressive approach. What is Adultery? Adultery is a punishable offence set by erstwhile British rulers, in 1860 section 497 was added to IPC which termed sexual intercourse with a married woman without the consent of her husband, not amount to rape but adultery itself and the offence was punishable to five years imprisonment or fine or both in case. Patriarchy involved Since this law heavily relied on male domination over his spouse and made women almost like a chattel of his husband. The law made was clear in its version that no woman can file a complaint under this law against her adulterous husband and husband himself can file ...

IPC 377 Context On September 6, 2018, Honorable Supreme Court partially repealed section 377 of Indian Penal Code, waving a new ray of hope for the LGBT community. The law for longed deemed to be a violation of the fundamental rights enshrined in the Indian Constitution. History The law dates back to 1860 when Lord Macaulay proclaimed a law which criminalises "carnal inter­course against the order of nature" and anyone who violates it to be imprisoned for ten years and fined. The law was in resonance with Biblical reference and mostly religious orthodoxy than rational inference. Legal Battle For decades civil rights activists in India termed this law an inhuman unconstitutional and demanded its repulsion and the breakthrough came from Indian judiciary. In 2001, Naaz Foundation filed a petition before Delhi High Court against section 377. However, HC dismissed the case, terming it as a mere academic challenge to the constitutionality of a legislative provision but afte...

Doklam & Politics Afterwards The two biggest south Asian giants namely India and China have been in loggerhead since their inception, but none were as tense as Doklam Standoff of 2017 after 1962 war ended. The 71-day Doklam standoff started on June 16, 2017, near trijunction of India, Bhutan and China ended without single bloodshed after both sides decided to step back. Background Doklam or Doko La, or Donglang in Chinese, is an area spread over less than a 100 sq km comprising a plateau and a valley at the trijunction between India, Bhutan and China. It is surrounded by the Chumbi Valley of Tibet, Bhutan’s Ha Valley and Sikkim. Which makes it an important strategic position in terms of India's security scenario. On June 16 last year China crossed the status quo in an attempt to build roads, which were initially contended by the Royal Bhutanese Army but they were outnumbered and pushed back, which made the call for Indian forces to step in. Indian Stand India has histor...

 Rohingya Plight   Context Rohingya’s are considered to be one of the most persecuted ethnic communities of the world. Estimated to be around 1.1 to 1.3 million, is resident of the state of Rakhine (also known as Arakan) from pre-colonial era. Mostly descendants of former Arab merchants and people from repatriation of Burmese independence and Bangladesh liberation war. The situation of these people was always at the mercy of the majority Burmese speaking Buddhist majorities. The current situation, however, took a drastic turn back on 10 June 2012 when a Rakhine woman was gang-raped and in return ten Rohingya Muslims were burnt. Rohingyas Identity Even before Myanmar's independence, Rohingyas were considered as intruders and with independence, the narrative took constitutional form. Although back in 1990 they were issued a certificate(white paper) which gave the right to vote, were recalled in 2015.  Which led the Bengali dialect speaking ethnic people completely 'st...